Attached is Chapters 1 & 2 of my research topic which is The racist strategies of donald trump to solidfy his base/ or political gains. READ MY PREVIOUS PAPERS AND MAKE IT FLOW.
Chapter 3: Theoretical Framework
Your theoretical framework should logically flow out of your review of the literature. What theoretical framework will guide your thesis research? Why have you selected it? (Is it the one that seems to be the least biased? Is it the one you agree with?). What are the specific parts of this theoretical framework that you will be applying? What are the basic assumptions and concepts you will be using? What specific questions are you asking or hypotheses are you testing? You need to explain what this framework is all about; that you are familiar with those who have written about it and what they have to say; and its significance for your paper. You cannot apply any “old” framework. The one you choose must be appropriate for your study.
one of the theories i have chose for u to use is the power theory and use what machiaveli said about power ( can be found on google)Running head: RACIST STRATEGIES OF DONALD TRUMP
The Racist Strategies of Donald Trump to Solidify His Base
Destini Walker
Savannah State University
1
RACIST STRATEGIES OF DONALD TRUMP
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The Racist Strategies of Donald Trump to Solidify His Base
Introduction
Donald Trump was elected in 2016 as the 45th President of the United States. He was
elected on a Republican Party ticket. His term is coming to an end. Trump s seeking reelection.
In his campaigns for reelection to the White House, Donald Trump is employing racist strategies
to solidify his base. Like he did in the 2016 presidential campaigns, President Trump is using
openly racist remarks against the non-white Americans. He emphasizes that America belongs to
the whites only (Bobo, 2017). In doing so, Trump aims at making the forthcoming election a
contest between the whites and non-whites. This would guarantee him victory since whites are
more than non-whites in the United States.
Background
President Donald became the president of the United States in 2016. This election was
heavily contested, and he won by a very small margin against his close competitor, Hillary
Clinton. In his 2016 campaign, Trump successfully used racist strategies (McWhorter, 2017).
Now that his term has come to an end, he wants to use the same strategy to continue with his
second term. In this regard, President Trump is using race-baiting language. He insists that the
United States is a country of whites. He disregards the migrants saying that they are threats to the
security of America. Furthermore, Trump is insisting that the people of color are a threat to
America’s growing economy. In line with this, he says that he will deal with them to restore the
lost glory of America. This matches his 2016 campaign slogan, “Making America Great Again.”
RACIST STRATEGIES OF DONALD TRUMP
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Research Question
How are racist strategies played a significant role in the election of Donald Trump? How
do these strategies contribute to solidify his electoral base?
Statement of the Problem
The racist strategies employed by president Trumps target the people of color. These
strategies have polarized American electorates based on color. In this regard, Trump, the 2020
elections to be a contest between whites and non-whites. This will solidify his base and hence
help him to win.
Methodology
Both qualitative and quantitative data will be used in this study. The qualitative data will
be obtained through a survey, while the quantitative data will be obtained by reviewing online
news. In regard to this first methodology, an online poll will be taken. Thirty people would be
selected as participants of the study. This group would represent the views of American
electorates. They would be selected randomly. In the online poll, the participants would be
required to indicate their race before they participate in the study. Besides, the participants would
indicate the political party they support nationally. The survey would contain several questions.
Some of these questions would be opening ended while others would be closed-ended. In one of
the open-ended questions, the participants would be required to express their views concerning
various presidential candidates. They would be asked whether they like or dislike them.
Alongside that question, the participants would indicate the reason for their like or dislike to the
president. The data obtained would then be processed and analyzed.
RACIST STRATEGIES OF DONALD TRUMP
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Quantitative data would be collected using online by reviewing newspapers,
documentaries, news, and articles showing President Trump’s racist remarks. In this regard, the
keyword “Is Trump a Racist” would be typed in the search engine. Subsequently, the results that
prompt out would be reviewed, whereby the latest articles or news would be selected. The racist
remarks that Donald Trump has uttered in both his guarded and unguarded moments will be
subject to discussion in this study. Analysis of the data obtained can help to uncover the motives
that Donald Trump has when he makes his racist remarks.
Define the Key Terms
Offensive- Doing something that affects other people negatively.
Immigrants- Individuals who have come from other countries.
Undocumented immigrants-It is immigrants who don’t have documents that they came to a
country legally.
Racist-This is a tendency of being against a specific race or group of people.
Solidify-This is the practice of coalescing different groups or individuals to achieve a common
goal
Tweets-These are messages posted on a social media platform known as Twitter.
Facebook- This is a social media platform that is often used for informal communication.
Limitations
This study would have several limitations. One of the limitations is the unavailability of
recent sources. Though there would be recent articles on Trump’s campaign strategy, old articles
RACIST STRATEGIES OF DONALD TRUMP
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tend to come out first when the keyword is searched. This is especially of the site containing the
information that has not been engine optimized. As a result, important data is missed. Secondly,
irrelevant information may end up being obtained. Thirdly, not all news or articles are authentic.
In this regard, some articles are exaggerated. Relying on such information will lead to wrong
conclusions. For the online survey, some participants may be unwilling to participate. Hence,
they may give views that are inconsistent with their political beliefs or opinions. Additionally,
the sample collected may be unrepresentative. Essentially, the American electorate is very
diverse. In this regard, any representative of the American republic must constitute the whites
and non-whites. The sample selected may be unrepresentative in the sense that it may have more
whites than non-whites. This is a possibility since the participants will be selected randomly, yet
the majority of people in the United States are whites. In light of this, the results obtained will be
biased.
Significance of the Study
This study will help to show how the strategy employed by the candidates contributes to
the voting patterns of the electorates in America. Particularly, the study will show the extent to
which racist comments can solidify the support of the electorates. Besides, the study will put to
the test the political beliefs of Americans. Historically, Americans have been voting on the basis
of political beliefs. In this regard, electorates with democratic values and beliefs have been
voting for democratic values. However, the electorates with pro-republican values have been
voting for the Republic party candidate. In other words, American electorates have been voting
on an ideological basis rather than on a racist basis. This study will deconstruct this by showing
that the strategy that the candidates are using is what determines the side that the electorates are
going to support.
RACIST STRATEGIES OF DONALD TRUMP
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Organization of the Study
This study has four subsequent chapters. Chapter two of this study consists of a literature
review. This section will review the available literature on voting tendencies in the United States.
Some of the materials will cover the factors that determine the electorates voting decisions.
Furthermore, this section will consider various racist strategies that were used in the past, as well
as the ones that Donald Trump used in 2016. The third chapter of this study will discuss the
methodology of this study. This includes the target population, research design, sampling
procedures, and methods used to collect data. Chapter four will present the findings of the study.
Further, it will present data analysis. The fifth chapter of the study will summarize the findings
of this study. It will also give the confusion of the study.
RACIST STRATEGIES OF DONALD TRUMP
References
Bobo, L.D. (2017). Racism in Trump’s America: reflections on culture, sociology, and the 2016
US presidential election. The British Journal of Sociology, 68(1), 85-104.
McWhorter, J. (2017). Race in Trump’s America. Democracy: Journal of Ideas, Winter (43), 120.
7
Running head: THE RACIST STRATEGY OF DONALD TRUMP
The Racist Strategies of Donald Trump to Solidify His Base
Destini Walker
Savannah State University
1
THE RACIST STRATEGY OF DONALD TRUMP
2
Literature Review
President’s Trump strategy of using racism to win the 2016 elections is projected to drive
his quest to reelection to the White House in 2020 because the elements that supported its
utilization remains within his political party, among the electorate, and preventing the opposition
to present viable alternatives. It is a perspective that is based on the critical review of empirical
studies on the racialization of American politics, the characteristics of the President’s political
base, and the effectiveness of the rhetoric in strengthening their support for reelection in 2020
(Sujito and Muttaqin, 2019). Bobo (2017) wrote that Trump’s 2016 victory is not surprising
because his campaign strategy focused on the core issues that are racially defined and troubles
both major and minority ethnic groups but unaddressed by his opponent. She listed these issues
as a high rate of income inequality, security, and an acute sense of the economic weakness of
low- and middle-income Americans. While the race-based concerns have been inherent in
American politics for several decades, they provided the right tools for Trump to utilize his racist
ideologies and bigotry in a more beneficial way for his political ambition. According to HaneyLopez (2015), the transition of the United States from a white-dominated country to an
undefined ethnic group dominated strengthened the resentments towards populist ideologies that
promoted anti-minority or color-blind agendas. Consequently, Donald Trump’s racist strategy for
his campaign reelection was developed in the context of the core issues that determine election
victory and expectations of supporters who are predominantly Native-born white Americans.
Furthermore, the analysis of the historical political affiliations and ideological
perspectives of the political parties, their candidates, and supporters showed that race has always
determined the strategies that presidential aspirants use for their campaign. Iyengar and
Westwood (2015) argued that one of the political approaches of the Republican Party is the use
THE RACIST STRATEGY OF DONALD TRUMP
of the abstract campaign rhetoric and slogans that exploit the racial discourses and distrusts for
political advantages among white voters, including working-class, low, and middle-income
voters. Bobo (2017) corroborated this viewpoint when the scholar wrote that Donald Trump’s
racist strategy is aligned with his party’s historical approach of exploiting racial tensions and its
effect on the attitudes of their supporters and electorates. Similarly, the outcome of an empirical
study by Maureen Craig and Jennifer Richeson (2014) during the Obama administration that
analyzed the political awareness of whites found that this population identified with the
conservation political ideologies of the Republican Party. When consideration is given to the
findings from another study by Outten, Schmitt, Miller, and Garcia (2012) that showed that the
high-level racial resentments that whites have towards ethnic minorities are based on the threats
to economic and political dominance and factors that are responsible for the growing rate of
inequalities, then Donald Trump’s racist strategy of demonizing Mexican Americans and
stereotyping African Americans becomes apparent. Hence, the evidence of how the exploitation
of the racial sentiments and sensitivities has benefited the Republican Party since the twentiethcentury supports the need for President Trump to use his racist campaign strategies for his
reelection in 2020.
Additionally, the high potential of President Trump’s political base to increase his
chances for reelection provides additional rationale for this continued use of racist rhetoric and
bigotry statements as part of his political strategies. In this regard, the findings of the study by
Morgan and Lee (2018) showed that the President’s base consists mainly of white working-class
Americans who believed the “Make America Great Again” and Make America Safe Again”
policies of the present administration are necessary for their upward social and geographic
mobility. According to Ricard, S. (2018), white working-class Americans belong to the
3
THE RACIST STRATEGY OF DONALD TRUMP
4
demographics of the electorate that hold anti-immigration agendas and conservative political
ideologies that are based on the perceived ability of minorities to diminish their access to
opportunities and resources of socio-economic and political advancement. Trump’s growing
popularity among his supporters despite his racial remarks on Hispanics, American Muslims, and
President Obama provide evidence that justifies this line of argument. Similarly, the potential for
Trump to continue with his racist strategies to strengthen his political base that is dominated by
white working-class Americans is evident by the number of white voters that switched from the
Obama Coalition in 2012 to Trump in 2016 (Thompson, 2019).. As Silver (2016) found from her
survey, an estimated 28 percent of the total votes that Donald Trump garnered during the 2016
election was obtained from the whites who voted for Obama in 2012 or did not vote in 2012 but
are working-class low- and middle-income Americans. As a result, Trump’s base is largely
composed of voters who consider his racist views and position as critical to the sustenance of
their access to opportunities and resources for socio-economic advancements.
In summary, the critical review of the literature showed that Trump’s racist strategies for
reelection campaign activities are designed to exploit the racial resentments and sensitivities of
Americans towards the protection of their socio-economic status. Also, the findings from the
review of the empirical, experimental, and self-report studies showed that the approach is aligned
with the Republican Party’s modus operandi to use the racialization of politics to promote their
conservative ideologies and agenda. While the nation continues to transition to a non-ethnicdominant society, the evidence from the literature showed that it is a development that is creating
fears among low- and middle-income and working-class whites and a source of vulnerabilities
that Donald Trump will continue to exploit as part of his reelection strategy. While bigotry and
racism are considered factors that should limit the chances of a candidate to win a presidential
THE RACIST STRATEGY OF DONALD TRUMP
5
election, in Trump’s America, the research evidence shows that their integration into government
policies and programs remains the key to keep the President in the White House beyond 2020
despite its role in making the election a contest between whites and non-white Americans.
THE RACIST STRATEGY OF DONALD TRUMP
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References
Bobo, L.D. (2017). Racism in Trump’s America: reflections on culture, sociology, and the 2016
US presidential election. The British Journal of Sociology, 68(1), 85-104.
Craig, M. A., & Richeson, J. A. (2014). On the precipice of a “majority-minority” America:
Perceived status threat from the racial demographic shift affects White Americans’
political ideology. Psychological Science, 25(6), 1189-1197.
Haney-López, I. (2015). Dog whistle politics: How coded racial appeals have reinvented racism
and wrecked the middle class. Oxford University Press.
Iyengar, S., & Westwood, S. J. (2015). Fear and loathing across party lines: New evidence on
group polarization. American Journal of Political Science, 59(3), 690-707.
Morgan, S. L., & Lee, J. (2018). Trump voters and the white working class. Sociological
Science, 5, 234-245.
Outten, H. R., Schmitt, M. T., Miller, D. A., & Garcia, A. L. (2012). Feeling threatened about the
future: Whites’ emotional reactions to anticipated ethnic demographic
changes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(1), 14-25.
Ricard, S. (2018). The Trump phenomenon and the racialization of American politics. Revue
LISA/LISA e-journal. Littératures, Histoire des Idées, Images, Sociétés du Monde
Anglophone–Literature, History of Ideas, Images and Societies of the English-speaking
World, 16(2).
Silver, N. (2016). Education, not income, predicted who would vote for Trump. Five Thirty
Eight, 22.
THE RACIST STRATEGY OF DONALD TRUMP
7
Sujito, S., & Muttaqin, W. M. (2019). Critical discourse analysis on Donald Trump’s strategy
against his addressee to win the Us Election. IJOTL-TL: Indonesian Journal of Language
Teaching and Linguistics, 4(1).
Thompson, J. (2019). A Review of the Popular and Scholarly Accounts of Donald Trump’s
White Working-Class Support in the 2016 US Presidential Election. Societies, 9(2), 36.
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